Hair dye removal preparation comprising hydrogen peroxide and ammonium thioglycolate



United States Patent HAIR DYE REMOVAL PREPARATION COMPRIS- ING HYDRQGEN PEROXIDE AND AMMONIUM THIOGLYCOLATE Lee Purlee, Tallahassee, Fla, assignor to Hazel L. Thompson No Drawing. Filed Sept. 25, 1962, Ser,No. 226,166 4 Claims. (Cl. 167-88) This invention relates to a process for the removal of synthetic dye from human hair carrying said dye, and the preparation for use in the aforesaid process.

An object of the present invention is to provide a process for the removal of synthetic dye from human hair carrying said dye which enables the removal of the dye from the hair to the desired extent without injury to the structure of the hair.

Another object of the present invention is to provide a process for the removal of synthetic dye from human hair carrying said dye which enables the removal of the dye from the hair to the desired extent and without destroying any natural or permanent wave the dyed human hair may have.

A further object of the present invention is to provide a process for the removal of synthetic dye from human hair carrying said dye wherein the dye is removed from the hair to the desired extent and the hair is simultaneously beatutifully conditioned.

A still further object of the present invention is to provide a process for the removal of synthetic dye from human hair carrying said dye which is simple in execution, positive in action, and commercially feasible.

A still further object of the present invention is to provide a preparation for removal of synthetic dye from human hair carrying it which acts with facility when apapplied to the hair and which does not impair the structure of the hair.

A still further object of the present invention is to provide a preparation for removal of synthetic dye from human hair carrying it which acts to tone or completely remove the dye and simultaneously conditions the hair.

The preparation of the present invention consists of three separate solutions hereinafter referred to as solutions A, B, and C, and these solutions are mixed in volume ratios of 1:1:2 immediately before application to thesynthetically dyed hair. Solution A is comprised of a mixture of oleic acid and triethylamine; solution B is comprised of an aqueous solution of ammonium thioglycolate containing a small amount of ammonia; and solution C is comprised of a stabilized creme type emulsion containing hydrogen peroxide. When these are mixed, the effective components which are the thioglycolate and hydrogen peroxide react together to form the substance which acts upon the dye to cause either the complete removal of the dye from the hair or to tone the dye on the hair to the desired shade, the oleic acid mixture providing the cleansing action of a mild organic soap.

Solution A For the preparation of this solution, oleic acid is combined with an alkylamine, preferably triethylamine. The ratio of oleic acid to amine may be varied widely, but the preferred ratio is 62.4 parts by weight of oleic acid to 37.6 parts by weight of triethylamine. The two components are thoroughly mixed by stirring, and the solution then promptly placed in a tightly closed container.

The purpose of this solution is to provide a gel-like medium of the desired consistency in the final mixture of this solution with solutions B and C, so as to prevent dripping, to assist in providing the desired alka- 3,2@,364 Patented Sept. 14, 1965 linity in the aforesaid final mixture, and to provide the cleansing action of a mild organic soap.

Solution B For compounding one liter of this solution the following ingredients in the listed amounts are employed:

Aqueous ammonia, 28-30 wt. percent milliliters 17 To prepare one liter of the solution the hydroxypropylmethyl cellulose in the above specified amount is added slowly and with continuous stirring to 350 milliliters of the distilled water, the mixing being elfected at room temperature. To this liquid is then added the remainder of the above specified amount of distilled water or the 500 milliliters, the specified amount of ammonium thioglycolate, and the specified amount of aqueous ammonia, and the resultant liquid stirred thoroughly until a homogeneous solution is obtatined. This homogeneous solution is then placed in another container, and the container closed tightly.

The purpose of this solution is to provide the required thioglycolate, to provide ammonium ion for the catalysis of hydrogen peroxide decomposition, and to assist in obtaining the desired alkalinity in the final mixture. If desired, the hydroxy propylmethyl cellulose may be omitted. However, it is added for the purpose of slightly increasing the viscosity of the solution which tends to reduce the escaping tendency of ammonia and thereby provide a stabilizing action. Furthermore, the particular type of methocel used (Methocel 90 HG. Premium) has the property of increasing the viscosity of the solution as temperature increases. This tends to overcome a slight thinning which results from the exothermic mixing of the solutions.

For compounding one liter of this solution the following ingredients in the listed amounts are employed:

Solution C Deionized or distilled water milliliters 750 Mineral oil, heavy, White do 45 Hydrogen peroxide, 30% do 200 Methocel 60 HG. Premium, Dow (hydroxy propylmethyl cellulose) grams Q0 Anhydrous lanum, cosmetic grade do 3.5 8-hydroxyquinol-ine rnilligrams 325 Sodium pyrop'hosphate decahydrate do 250 Ethylenedinitrotetraacetic acid (tetrasodium salt) milligrams 416 Phosphoric acid, milliliter 0.2-0.4

To prepare one liter of this solution, 350 milliliters of the specified quantity of distilled water is heated to a temperature of about 85 centignade, and to this heated water is then added, with stirring, the above-specified quantity of 8-hydroxyquinoline. Next, a slurry of mineral oil, lanum, and hydroxypropylmethyl cellulose is prepared by heating the above specified amount of mineral oil and the above specified amount of lanum until the lanum is melted, and then adding the above specified amount of hydroxypropylmethyl cellulose with stir-ring. This slurry is then incorporated into the hot aqueous solution of 8-hydroxyquino1ine and the liquid mass stirred continuously until a homogeneous solution results.

The remainder of the above specified amount of distilled water or the 400 milliliters is placed in a vessel, and into this water is dissolved the above specified amount of decahydrate, the above specified amount of tetrasodium salt of the designated acetic acid, whereupon-the a above specified amount of hydrogen peroxide is added to the solution with thorough agitation. This last-mentioned solution is then slowly added to the previously prepared homogeneous solution with stirring, and this stirring continued until a smooth homogeneous solution obtains. As the second solution is added to the first prepared homogeneous solution the mass slowly thickens, and by continuing the stirring for approximately th rty minutes, the resultant smooth homogeneous solution s a stable emulsion. To this emulsion the above specified amount of phosphoric acid is added drop-by-drop with stirring until a pH value of 4.5 obtains. The vessel is then tightly covered and permitted to stand quiescent for *6 to 8 hours in order to accomplish defoaming. The emulsion is then bottled in suitable containers and the containers tightly sealed.

The hydroxypropylmethyl cellulose s employed for the purpose of emulsifying the mineral oil and lanum. The l hydroxyquinoline, tetrasodium salt of the defined acetic acid, and the decahydrat-e are added for the purpose of stabilizing the hydrogen peroxide solution. The tetrasodium salt of the defined acetic acid and the decahydrate stabilize the solution by chelating heavy metal ions such as those of iron and copper which catalyze the decomposition of hydrogen peroxide. The pyrophosphate aids stabilization in its buffering action with phosphoric acid which is added in sufficient quantity to produce the desired pH. It stronger buffering action is required grams of sodium phosphate (monobasiclmay be added prior to the addition of the phosphoric acid.

The above-described preparation as ap lied to the ban for dye removal contains approximately 2 parts by weight of ammonium thioglycolate and 3 parts by weight of hydrogen peroxide, and has a pH value between 9 to l0. During the course of the reaction the pH steadily decreases from the aforesaid initial value to a value of approximately 7 or neutral. In most cases the action of a single application continues for approximately one hour.

In carrying out the process of the present nvention with the above-described preparation, the hair of the person which has been previously dyed with a synthetic dye is shampooed thoroughly with a mild shampoo, then rinsed, and thoroughly drie The dried hair on the head of the person is divided into :tour sections from temple-to-temple, and from front-toack.

b With the hair thus divided, the operator places one (11) fluid ounce of each of solutions A and B in a plastic applicator, and then mixes the solution thoroughly as by swirling, whereupon, two (2) fluid ounces of solution C is added to the contents in the applicator, the nozzle placed thereon, the applic-ator swirled and shaken gently. The contents in the applicator is the preparation of the instant invention and comprises a medium of pH value between 9 and 10 and containing as the etiective components ammonium thioglycolate and hydrogen per-oxide and an emulsion of lanum, mineral oil, and a mild organic soap.

The preparation contained in the applicator should be applied through the nozzle to very thin strands of hair, proceeding from the scalp and continuing all the way to the hair ends. In general, it is best to apply it first to the crown, then to the back and until last. The preparation should be applied to all of the hair of the head, and the applied preparation should be gently worked through all of the hair.

As soon as the preparation has been applied to all of the hair of the head, timing should be star-ted. :During the timing the hair should be combed every five to ten minutes. Discoloration of the preparation will be noted almost immediately and the operator should watch close- 1y for the different shades that appear while combing the hair.

After the timing has extended to twenty minutes, the

front, leaving the temples hair should be tested for color by rubbing a one-inch strand of hair with a dry towel. If the strand does not show the desired shade, some of the preparation should be applied to the strand to obtain the desired shade.

The combing and testing of the color should be continued until the desired shade has been attained, whereupon, the action should be stopped by shampooing the hair with a mild shampoo, followed by thoroughly rinsing and drying the hair. The thus toned hair may then be subjected to any desired hair grooming procedure.

It is to be noted that the application of the preparation, compounded in the manner above-described, to the hair subjects the hair to the action of the ammonium thioglycolate and hydrogen peroxide in the medium having a pH value between 9 to 10 when applied to the hair and containing an emulsion of lanum, mineral oil, and mild organic soap, that this action tones the dye on the hair to the desired extent, and that at the conclusion of this action the medium is substantially of a pH value of 7 or neutral.

Many beautiful shades may be attained by exercising close observation. With practice, it is usually unnecessary to apply dyes, tints, or toners for the purpose of obtaining the desired shade. In case the hair has been pro-bleached, and it is desired to obtain the pre-bleached condition, it may be necessary to repeat a second or even a third application. If re-applications are necessary, it is best to shampoo and dry the hair between applications.

By virtue of the preparation of the present invention possessing an attendant hair-conditioning action the preparation, after use, leaves the scalp and hair beautifully conditioned. Therefore, no further conditioning of the hair is necessary. Also, this preparation does not injure or impair the structure of the hair, and does not destroy natural or permanent waves in the hair. If desired, the hair, after it has been treated, with this preparation, may immediately be given a permanent wave, set, tint, tone, dye, or subjected to any of the usual hair-grooming procedures.

This preparation, with close observation, provides the control desired for obtaining the shades desired during dye removal. It will not only remove the dye completely, but also can be employed to lift the dye to lighter shades. It may also be employed to lighten darkened streaks or areas resulting from the overlapping of dye applications of faulty cosmetic procedures. When used for this purpose, the preparation should be applied to the dark areas and then combed gently throughout the entire head of hair until the desired homogeneous shade is attained. The hair should then be treated with a mild shampoo, rinsed and dried.

What is claimed is:

1. The process for removal of synthetic dye from human hair carrying said dye which comprises subjecting said hair to the action of ammonium thioglycolate and hydrogen peroxide in a medium containing an emulsion of lanum, mineral oil, and a mild organic soap having a pH value between 9 to 10 until said dye has been toned to the desired extent.

2. A preparation for removal of synthetic dye from human hair carrying said dye comprising a medium of a pH value between 9 to 10 and containing as the effective components ammonium thioglycolate and hydrogen peroxide and an emulsion of lanum, mineral oil, and a mild organic soap.

3. A preparation for removal of synthetic dye from human hair containing said dye which comprises in admixture three separate solutions, one of said solutions being a mixture of oleic acid and triethylamine, a second one of said solutions being an aqueous solution of ammonium thioglycolate containing a small amount of ammonia, and a third one of said solutions being a stabilized emulsion of lanum, mineral oil, and a mild organic soap and containing hydrogen peroxide.

3,206,364 5 v 6 4. The preparation according to claim 3, where in the OTHER REFERENCES Preparation has a PH value between 9 and Ruemele: Manufacturing Chemist, October 1953, page 432. References Clted by the Exammer Sagarin: Cosmetics, Science and Technology, Inter- UNTTED STATES PATENTS 5 science Pub., 1957, pp. 524, 618 and 482.

2,305,356 12/42 Lukenbach 16788 JULIAN S. LEVITT, Primary Examiner. 2,736,323 2/56 McDonough 167-87.1 

1. THE PROCESS FOR REMOVAL OF SYNTHETIC DYE FROM HUMAN HAIR CARRYING SAID DYE WHICH COMPRISES SUBJECTING SAID HAIR TO THE ACTION OF AMMONIUM THIOGLYCOLATE AND HYDROGEN PEROXIDE IN A MEDIUM CONTAINING AN EMULSION OF LANUM, MINERAL OIL, AND A MILD ORGANIC SOAP HAVING A PH VALUE BETWEEN 9 TO 10 UNTIL SAID DYE HAS BEEN TONED TO THE DESIRED EXTENT. 